This study aimed at investigating the challenges in teaching kindergarten as bases for proposed outcome-based activities for kindergarten pupils which involve the different learning domains, the challenges of kindergarten teachers and best practices in teaching kindergarten. The National Kindergarten Curriculum Guide (NKCG) provides play and activity-based learning episodes designed to render and make five-year old Filipino children everyday meaningful learning experiences. It takes into account the principle of how young children learn, and that because we teachers believe they learn differently so they must be taught in an age- and culturally-appropriate way. The medium of instruction has to be the child's first language or his/her mother tongue. It has been crafted using the thematic or integrative approach to curriculum development in spiralling learning process. This approach employs an integrative and interactive teaching-learning strategies as well as child centered learning experiences. In this manner, the child acquires knowledge and develops socio-emotional values while enjoying or playing the games, exploring his physical abilities, and learning to get along with others. Transition to school is the terminology used for programs that prepare children to a more formal setting. Kindergarten is a play-based setting that supports learning for a 5 year old. The study used the descriptive method of research. It involved two groups of respondents - 20 teachers and 65 kindergarten pupils sourced from four schools in Caloocan North District. It utilized a survey questionnaire to gather the data from the respondents. The readiness skills of kindergarten pupils were always evident when it comes to the different learning domains such as physical health, well-being and motor development, social-emotional development, character and values development, cognitive/intellectual development, language development and creative and aesthetic development. The top five challenges that kindergarten teachers encountered were large class size, classroom size small classroom environment, child's misbehavior, the child who continually talks out, fools around, acts silly, etc. and school readiness and transition to kindergarten.

There were some best practices in school which are suited to the ability of the kindergarten pupils such as school programs and activities for kindergarten pupils, annual tour within the community, educational fieldtrips, film showing using the E- classroom, role paying or dramatization, poem recital and storytelling and of course following the kindergarten curriculum to enhanced learning. The study shown that there were challenges that kindergarten teachers are facing with, therefore there are some proposed activities to enhance teaching and lessen the burden of teachers. Based on the findings of the study and conclusions drawn, there were some recommendations to improve kindergarten education such as teachers training and workshops, classrooms intended for kindergarten pupils, and the use of modern technology in teaching to avoid misbehavior inside the classroom, among other things.